IN VITRO DIRECT ORGANOGENESIS FROM MICROCUTTINGS OF PLEROMA HETEROMALLUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PROPAGATION AND CONSERVATION OF A NATIVE BRAZILIAN SPECIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n11-391Keywords:
Jaguar’s Ear, In Vitro Propagation, Micropropagation, Acclimatization, Seedling ProductionAbstract
Pleroma heteromallum (D. Don) D. Don is an endemic species of Brazil with high ornamental potential. Seed propagation is limited due to the difficulty of embryo establishment, resulting from the reduced or even absent endosperm, which makes stem cuttings the conventional propagation method. In this context, micropropagation emerges as a viable alternative for large-scale seedling production, with phytosanitary quality and year-round availability. This study aimed to evaluate the morphogenic response of P. heteromallum microcuttings cultivated in vitro and their performance during acclimatization. Four in vitro experiments were carried out using MS medium with different combinations of BAP, IBA, PVP, and activated charcoal, aiming at shoot and root induction. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, under controlled conditions of 25±1°C, irradiance of 25 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, and a 16-hour photoperiod. The parameters evaluated were microcutting survival, explant oxidation, number of leaves, shoot length, length of the longest root, number of roots, and number of nodes. The plantlets obtained were transferred to pots with commercial substrate and acclimatized in a greenhouse for 30 days. The antioxidant PVP showed an adverse effect, promoting explant oxidation, while IBA inhibited root elongation. The best development was observed in MS medium with 100% salt concentration and free of plant growth regulators, offering greater efficiency and lower cost. During acclimatization, the survival rate was 67%. Direct organogenesis-based micropropagation is therefore a promising strategy for the production of P. heteromallum seedlings, contributing to its conservation and ornamental use.
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